Cross-linking refers to the chemical bonding of two polymer chains. When one polymer chain bonds to another, it forms a cross-link. Cross-links can be ionic or covalent bonds between natural or synthetic polymer chains. In the chemical field, scientists typically use the term “cross-linking” to describe the process of bonding two polymers to define the differences between their physical properties. In the biological field, cross-linking is used to initiate protein-to-protein interactions.
There are many kinds of cross-linkers and polymers available in chemical and biological settings. The cross-linking agent varies depending on the application. For example, calcium gluconate is a desirable cross-linker that controls biological microorganisms. This encapsulates biocontrol microorganisms in alginate beads with optimal survival and shelf life, according to researchers. Encapsulation via epoxidized linseed oil as a cross-linker works best for controlling the release of a liquid reactant in a matrix of reactive polymers. There are many different cross-linkers and encapsulation products depending on the application.
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